Prostate cancer is one of the most common cause of cancer in men.

It is caused by disordered rapid growth of abnormal cells in the prostate gland found only in men. This gland is located below the bladder and its normal function is the production of fluid that forms part of the semen. This fluid is essential for the nourishment of sperms.

Prostate cancer if detected early has high chances of full treatment. However, if discovered late, it may have spread to surrounding or distant organs. In such a case successful treatment is unlikely.

What are the symptoms?

• Difficulty passing urine
• Blood in urine
• Erectile dysfunction
• Bone pain
• Abdominal discomfort
• Weight loss

Risk factors:

• Age >50yrs
• African Race
• Family history of prostate cancer
• Obesity

Prevention & Detection:

• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Frequent exercise
• Maintaining a healthy diet- more fruits & vegetables, and lower red meat and fats
• Visiting your doctor for annual check-up especially if age >40yrs.

Reference:

1. Sung, H., Ferlay, J., Siegel, R. L., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A., & Bray, F.. (2021). Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 71(3), 209–249. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660
2. What is prostate cancer (August 01, 2019). Cancer.org. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/prostate-cancer/about/what-is-prostate-cancer.html
3. Hoffman R. (Jul 01, 2021.) Screening for prostate cancer. Up-to-date. https://www-uptodate-com.ezproxy.is.ed.ac.uk/contents/screening-for-prostate-cancer?search=prostate%20cancer&topicRef=6939&source=see_link#H1507787999

Author:

Dr. Kirengo T. MBChB Msc. Surg, Imara Mediplus Hospital.

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