DEFINITIONS

IMMUNIZATION:

Deliberate provocation of an adaptive immune response by introducing antigen into the body.

VACCINATION:

Deliberate induction of an adaptive immune response to a pathogen by injecting a vaccine,a killed or attenuated form of the pathogen.

VACCINE:

A substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease, its products, or a synthetic substitute, treated to act as an antigen without inducing the disease

A. KEPI VACCINE/GOVERNMENT SCHEDULE

Given at birth

1. BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin)

Given as an injection 0.05ml under the skin (intra-dermal) of the left fore arm.

It helps protect the child against Tuberculosis (TB)

2. Polio Vaccine: 2 drops per oral.

It helps protect the child against poliomyelitis (polio) to avert crippling in children.

Given at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age

1. Polio Vaccine: Dose: 2 drops administered

Children can safely receive the polio booster any time before they are 5 years old.

2. Pentavalent Vaccine: Dose: 0.5mls Intra muscular left outer thigh

Contains a combination of five vaccines hence the name Penta.

It acts against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, Hepatitis B and Haemophilus Influenza.

SIDE EFFECTS

• Fever
• Pain at injection site
• Swelling or redness on injection site
• Irritability

ADVERSE EFFECTS

• Injection site abscess

3. Pneumococcal Vaccine: Dose: 0.5ml Intra muscular right outer thigh

This vaccine helps to prevent pneumonia. Was added in 2012.

4. Rota Virus vaccine: 1.5mls administered orally

Given at 6 & 10 weeks

Helps prevent rotavirus infection which is the leading cause of diarrheal diseases in children worldwide.

At 6 Months

1. Measles Rubella Vaccine

In event of a measles rubella outbreak or HIV exposed children

2. Flu vaccine: Vitamin A 100000iu per Oral

At 9 Months

1^st Dose Measles Rubella Vaccine: Dose 0.5ml subcutaneously right upper arm.

At 12 Months

1. Vitamin A 200000 IU
2. Deworming with Albendazole 200mg

At 18 Months

2^nd Dose Measles Rubella Vaccine: Dose 0.5ml subcutaneous right upper arm

Vitamin A 200000 IU and deworming with Albendazole 200mg

At 9 Months – Only in the selected counties

Yellow Fever Vaccine: Dose 0.5mls Intra Muscular left upper deltoid

N/B: Vitamin A and Deworming is given to the child at 1 year and repeat after every 6 months till the child is 5 Years old.

At 10 Years

HPV – Human Papilloma Virus

Given in two doses 1^st Dose then 2^nd Dose after 6 months

N/B: For HIV exposed girls receive 3 doses 6 months apart

B. BABY FRIENDLY VACCINES

BIRTH

• BCG
• Oral polio
• Hepatitis B 0.5mls Intra muscular

6, 10 & 14 WEEKS

1. Hexaxim/infanrix
2. Rotarix,
3. Prevenar 13
4. Oral polio

6 MONTHS

1. Flu Vaccine
2. Vitamin A 100000iu

7 MONTHS

Flu Vaccine

9 MONTHS

1. MMR
2. Yellow fever vaccine

10 MONTHS

Meningoccal ACY and W conjugate

1 YEAR

1. Vitamin 200000iu
2. Hepatitis A
3. Varicella,
4. Dewormer 200mg.

15 MONTHS

1. Meningoccal Vaccine
2. MMR,

18 MONTHS

1. Hexaxim/Infanrix Booster
2. MMR
3. Vitamin A 200000IU
4. Dewormer

2 YEARS

1. Typhoid Vaccine
2. Flu Vaccine
3. Dewormer
4. Vitamin 200,000iu

5 YEARS

Booster

1. IPV
2. Typhoid Vaccine
3. Flu vaccine

9 YEARS

1. HPV
2. Flu vaccine

ANNUALLY

Flu vaccine

REVACCINATION

1. Typhoid Vaccine – every 3 years
2. Meningococcal Vaccine
3. Cholera Vaccine
4. Verorab/Antirabies.

 

Article by: Jilian M’kea

Immunization Nurse

Imara Mediplus Hospital

 

Welcome to Imara for Quality Affordable Healthcare!